PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
      Gene E. Likens
      Institute of Ecosystem Studies

OTHERS INVOLVED
      see References

BEGIN DATE
      June 1996

END DATE
      May 2001

LOCATION
      HBEF watersheds 1-9

LOCATION DESCRIPTION
       Collected from sites located a short distance above the stream gauging stations at HBEF WS-1 through 9.

DATA DESCRIPTION
       Volume-weighted, average concentrations in streamwater calculated from 5 water-years of collections. Water years are from 1 June to 31 May. To calculate these 5-year concentration averages, the annual streamwater solute export for each watershed (in kg) was summed for the past 5 years, and divided by the sum of the water export (in mm) for the same period.

      Users should note that the 5-year collection period may span times when watersheds are reacting to experimental manipulations (e.g. watershed 1 calcium addition) or recovering from natural disturbances (e.g. 1998 ice storm). This composite data set is provided to allow for comparison of current conditions in each of the gauged watersheds at HBEF.

SAMPLING DESIGN
       Samples are collected in acid-washed, deionized water-rinsed, polyethylene bottles, from small waterfalls above the stream gauging stations, to avoid contamination from ponded debris or weir construction materials. The normal sampling interval is weekly, with more frequent samples taken at times of increased discharge. At low flow summer (drought) conditions, samples may be taken with a clean polyethylene syringe, from undisturbed standing pools in the stream channel. Details on collection procedures and analytical methods can be found in Buso et al. 2000.

REFERENCES

• Likens, G. E., D. C. Buso and J. W. Hornbeck. In Prep. Variation in chemistry of stream water and bulk deposition across the Hubbard Brook Valley, New Hampshire, U.S.A.
• Likens, G. E., F. H. Bormann, R. S. Pierce, J. S. Eaton, and N. M. Johnson. 1977. Biogeochemistry of a Forested Ecosystem. Springer-Verlag New York Inc. 149 pp.
• Federer, C. A., L. D. Flynn, C. W. Martin, J. W. Hornbeck and R. S. Pierce. 1990. Thirty years of hydrometeorologic data at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire. USDA Forest Service, General Technical Report NE-141. 44 pp.
• Buso, D.C., G.E. Likens, and J.S. Eaton. 2000. Chemistry of precipitation, streamwater, and lakewater from the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study: a record of sampling protocols and analytical procedures. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-275. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station. 52 p.

ACCESS
      These data will be recalculated and updated annually to represent the most recent 5 years of collections, with a one year lag to provide time for QC/QA requirements.

DATA LOCATION
      Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Robert S. Pierce Ecosystem Laboratory, Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, W.Thornton, NH

LAST UPDATED
      August, 2002

CONTACT PERSON
      Gene Likens
      Institute of Ecosystem Studies
      Millbrook, NY 12545
      Telephone: (845) 677-5343
      E-mail: LikensG@ecostudies.org

VARIABLES
      Records: 13 records (12 solutes and pH)

       Columns: supplied with the following headers:
            w - watersheds 1-9
       Rows: supplied with the following headers:
            Calcium - calcium concentration in mg/L
            Magnesium - magnesium concentration in mg/L
            Potassium - potassium concentration in mg/L
            Sodium - sodium concentration in mg/L
            Aluminum - total aluminum in mg/L
            Ammonium - ammonium concentration in mg/L
            pH - pH
            Sulfate - sulfate concentration in mg/L
            Nitrate - nitrate concentration in mg/L
            Chloride - chloride concentration in mg/L
            Phosphate - phosphate concentration in mg/L (soluble-reactive phosphate)
            Dissolved silica - silica concentration in mg/L (measured as silicate)
            DOC - Dissolved organic carbon in mg/L

CODES
      Individual analyses not available for specific watersheds are coded with n/a

DATA FILE NAME(S)
ASCII file name: w19-stm.txt